Sean was 39 years old and had attempted as many as sixty TOPS courses over a twenty year period, but had never completed one.  He was notorious among other training providers, all of whom refused to enroll him on their programs. He had serious literacy issues, a long criminal record and had never done any paid work. He presented as aggressive, unmotivated and non-communicative and was unwilling to take responsibility for his behavior, constantly blamed others for creating the situations he found himself in. After three false starts and lengthy negotiations with Work & Income, we enrolled him for a third course, on the condition that he attended several  weekly sessions with one of our facilitators, where he discussed strategies for dealing with completing the course. He participated in all of these hour long discussions, although he remained very resistant to change. As a result of the on-going support and reassurance he received from our staff, Sean completed the Jumpstart course and has been on a full-time Adult Literacy course for the last twelve months.